South Africa
-Dutch controlled lower parts of South Africa Cape Town.
-South Africa becomes British Colony in -Dutch in South Africa spoke Afrikaans the Boers and claimed to be there own country and were not to be given to the English -Cecil Rhodes- Boers -Lord Kitchener- British -Have two states the Transvaal and Orange free state controlled by Dutch -British wanted to own everything -The Boer wars 2nd Boer War (19th century): -British is feeling threatened (by Germany) -Use Africa as a show of power -Boers have developed Guerrilla hare fare -English are losing -British invent concentration camps- Lord Kitchener decides to do whatever it takes -Kidnaped women and children- put them in concentration camps- to starve to death- the Boers came out to fight- the English had the advantage -Boers- second class citizens -English invite South Africa to join the commonwealth -Economic rehabilitation -Afrikaans given power by the English -80% of the population Bantus was ignored -Social Darwinism- white people are superior -Bantus form an political group- change name to African National Congress- don't want to be treated as second class citizens and uses political parties to fight this injustice 1930: -Rise of Adolf Hitler -kinda agree with hitler- majority of white south africans support nazis -biggest supports of the nazis- such reformist church-also supports national party -1948 national party comes to power under Daniel Malan -Hitler defeated- jesse owns- rest of the world rejects social Darwinism- South Africa ignores these facts because then those in power would have to give it up -Bantus can't vote- Daniel Malan- policy is that we need separate in society- apartheid - |
Group Areas act- 1950- allows legally for apartheid to take place- through laws- geographically separate the races
-separate amenities act- 1953- you get a race card 1- whites 2-coloured 3- black -creates separate beaches- hospitals- sidewalks- water fountains- bathrooms- sports- cricket and rugby -separation of the towns- white only- forced black migration -Used the USA as an example- in Georgia, Alabama -Used Canada as an example, such as reserves -South Africa's version was the "homelands" aka the Bantustans -80% of the population on 11-13% of the land- the worst possible land -ANC-protests- Albert Luthuli- learned from Gandhi- peaceful protest -PAC-protests- same idea -This changed in 1960 in a town called Sharpeville- peaceful protest- south African police affirmed with weapons and planes- without warning shoots fired- people ran away- 69 people killed were shoot in the back- 180 wounded -results- ANC and PAC were out lawed -Nelson Mandela- student of Gandhi- intentionally- charged of treason- 1961 freed- recognized that non-violence wasn't going to give them a solution -creates group called umkhonto we Sizwe- spear of the nation- he admits to crime against humanity but only because of the oppression -arrested agin- 1964 convicted- cell in Robben Island till 1989 -Sharpsville (turning point) draws the eye of the world- outrage from Canada- Australia an d Great Britain- initially they couldn't say much because they did similar stuff -South Africa responds- votes to become republic and leave the common wealth -separate was a way for the whites to control the majority of the population 1974: -it became clear the apartheid would not with stand and therefore passed the Afrikaans Medium decree -Kids can only learn on of two languages- Afrikaans or english making there heritage and culture illegal -Soweto- was an angry protest (turning point) -Afrikaans believed their lives were in danger and decided to crush the uprising with tanks- 600 people killed -white communities joined the blacks in protest -the un passed a resolution that no nation was prohibited to trade weapons with south Africa- Israel does -South Africa becomes a nuclear power 1985: -Botha- issues a state of emergency -never lifted till the end of apartheid -De Klerk comes to power -says this separation has become violent and that together they should carve out a South Africa together -Legalizes the ANC -wants Mandela to be freed- 1989 1993: -Botha and Mandela win nobel peace prize -becomes president -puts in place the truth and reconciliation- instead of revenge- becomes its no justice -forgive and move forward |
Subjunctive Question:
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Essay
Often times, we learn about revolutionaries in history class, but we have no prior knowledge of them. No one really knows who Che Guevera is or how exactly Martin Luther-King Jr. fought for freedom, and it is the same with Nelson Mandela. Although everybody knows his name, nobody actually knows what he did. This indicates that although he had a large impact on his home country, he may not have had the same impact throughout the world. This is because although countries took note of what he was doing for South Africa, they were not going to be swayed in their ways. Furthermore, all another country would have to do is look at post-apartheid South Africa and realize that it is not a much better place. Mandela did start a movement, but it takes more than one election to make the world a freer place.
To begin, take a look back on the amount of times other countries have changed their ways just because another country did something different. There are not many examples. This is because countries are, for the most part, so stuck in their ways that although another country is making progress towards a freer place, they will not change. The other powers that be have no interest in changing their ideologies just because someplace other than their own land has changed how they think. This is where South Africa, and the changes that Mandela made struggle. He did a very good job in making his own country a freer place for his race, but it did not have the same impact globally. Looking at South Africa now, it is apparent that the power struggle has gone the other way, and that it may be said that South Africa is no more free for the whites than it was for the blacks.
South Africa was, for the most part, a much better place after Mandela came into power and chose not to seek revenge. However, now that he is no longer in power, the blacks are seeking revenge and South Africa has reverted to an inversely prejudiced country, taking away from the achievements that Mandela made. This being said, if other countries had in fact been monitoring South Africa in an attempt to change their ways, if they saw this happen, they would not be motivated to change their countries.
However, Nelson Mandela took many steps towards creating a freer world. He provided an example for the rest of the world to follow, and if they were to follow it, but expand upon it, it has the potential to create a freer place. He set his country apart and did what no one thought he could do. If other world leaders take a look at what Mandela did, and what went wrong after, they could still attempt to create a freer country of their own. All they would have to do is learn from Mandela and South Africa’s mistakes.
Mandela was a great man, and his struggle with apartheid was commendable. He fought for his people and he won, but the South Africa he wanted is not the South Africa now. It was changed, and has begun to deteriorate into a prejudiced society again. He took steps towards a freer world, but unfortunately those steps were re-traced once he left the world. The good example that South Africa was, as far as racial equality goes, is no longer. Thus, the world has not become a freer place because of him.
Often times, we learn about revolutionaries in history class, but we have no prior knowledge of them. No one really knows who Che Guevera is or how exactly Martin Luther-King Jr. fought for freedom, and it is the same with Nelson Mandela. Although everybody knows his name, nobody actually knows what he did. This indicates that although he had a large impact on his home country, he may not have had the same impact throughout the world. This is because although countries took note of what he was doing for South Africa, they were not going to be swayed in their ways. Furthermore, all another country would have to do is look at post-apartheid South Africa and realize that it is not a much better place. Mandela did start a movement, but it takes more than one election to make the world a freer place.
To begin, take a look back on the amount of times other countries have changed their ways just because another country did something different. There are not many examples. This is because countries are, for the most part, so stuck in their ways that although another country is making progress towards a freer place, they will not change. The other powers that be have no interest in changing their ideologies just because someplace other than their own land has changed how they think. This is where South Africa, and the changes that Mandela made struggle. He did a very good job in making his own country a freer place for his race, but it did not have the same impact globally. Looking at South Africa now, it is apparent that the power struggle has gone the other way, and that it may be said that South Africa is no more free for the whites than it was for the blacks.
South Africa was, for the most part, a much better place after Mandela came into power and chose not to seek revenge. However, now that he is no longer in power, the blacks are seeking revenge and South Africa has reverted to an inversely prejudiced country, taking away from the achievements that Mandela made. This being said, if other countries had in fact been monitoring South Africa in an attempt to change their ways, if they saw this happen, they would not be motivated to change their countries.
However, Nelson Mandela took many steps towards creating a freer world. He provided an example for the rest of the world to follow, and if they were to follow it, but expand upon it, it has the potential to create a freer place. He set his country apart and did what no one thought he could do. If other world leaders take a look at what Mandela did, and what went wrong after, they could still attempt to create a freer country of their own. All they would have to do is learn from Mandela and South Africa’s mistakes.
Mandela was a great man, and his struggle with apartheid was commendable. He fought for his people and he won, but the South Africa he wanted is not the South Africa now. It was changed, and has begun to deteriorate into a prejudiced society again. He took steps towards a freer world, but unfortunately those steps were re-traced once he left the world. The good example that South Africa was, as far as racial equality goes, is no longer. Thus, the world has not become a freer place because of him.